455 Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed emperor of the Western Roman Empire

660 Battle of Hwangsanbeol: At Nonsan, China a 50,000 strong Silla force led by general Kim Yu-shin annihilate the army of Baekje and kill their leader general Gyebaek

711 Berbers under Tarik-ibn Ziyad occupy North Spain

1357 Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor assists laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague

1371 Pope Gregory XI names Arnold II of Horne as bishop of Utrecht

1386 Battle at Sempach: Swiss beat duke Leopold III of Austria

1401 Turko-Mongol ruler Tamerlane (Timur) destroys Baghdad, killing 20,000

1790 Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund – in the Baltic Sea, the Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian fleet

1868 Louisiana and South Carolina are the last states to ratify the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, guaranteeing civil rights

1893 Daniel Williams repairs the torn pericardium of a knife wound patient, James Cornish, without penicillin or blood transfusion

1917 British battleship HMS Vanguard explodes at Scapa Flow (the result of an internal explosion of faulty cordite), killing 804

1971 Henry Kissinger visits the People’s Republic of China to negotiate a detente between the US and China

2002 The African Union is established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The first chairman is Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa.

2017 Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi proclaims victory over Islamic State forces in Mosul


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