An Obstetrician and Gynaecologist at the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State, Dr. Labaran Aliyu, has stated that life expectancy of women in Nigeria will remain low until the government addresses poverty and illiteracy.
Dr. Aliyu says though there are many reasons for the low life expectancy of women in the country, the most important two are illiteracy and poverty.
Speaking in an interview, the gynecologist identified poverty and illiteracy as the root causes of low life expectancy in women.
According to the 2020 World Population Data Sheet, the life expectancy of females in the country is 56 years while that of males is 54 even as the national figure was put at 55 years in a population of over 200m people.
The maternal health expert explained, “There are many reasons for the low life expectancy of our women, but the most important two are illiteracy and poverty. Whatever reason you want to look at, you will ultimately come back to these two. So these are the root causes.
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“In a poor family for example, if a woman is pregnant and develops complications and there are no resources to access healthcare, what will be the result? She will die from the complications.
“Although, sometimes, it is not about not having enough resources to access healthcare, but because of Illiteracy, many don’t know what to do when they are sick or what not to do to get better.”
According to the gynaecologist, looking at Illiteracy in the context of maternal health, it is important women know what they need to eat to be healthy.
“A lot of cases that we see in the hospitals and even in the communities are evidence of Illiteracy. For instance, if a woman is sick in the family and the sickness has a diagnosis, you can say this is the cause of that sickness. But because of illiteracy, it will be attributed to some other trivial issues based on the belief in the community.
“She will stop seeking care from the health providers and the sickness will worsen, ultimately she will die of the disease”, he said.
Aliyu maintained that the poverty rate in the country is too high, stressing that if the issues are not properly addressed, a lot of women will continue to die from preventable causes and life expectancy will remain low.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics in its Poverty and Inequality report 2019, 1 in 10 or more than 82.9 million Nigerians live in poverty.
Also, the World Bank says 96 million Nigerians will be living in poverty by 2022.
Besides poverty and Illiteracy, the maternal health expert identified high fertility rates and poor nutrition as other factors responsible for the low life expectancy of women in Nigeria.
“Our fertility rate is very high. The fertility rate is part of the problem because the more children the women have, the less they have to cater for themselves.
“Again, in some communities that don’t accept family planning, women in such communities keep having children and exposing their lives to risk,” the associate professor said.
On what could be done to improve the life expectancy of women in Nigeria, Aliyu said the government has a role to play and the best role they can play is by providing an enabling environment for people to earn a decent living.
“If the government cannot provide jobs, they should provide an enabling environment by which individuals can be engaged in a specific trade.
“The government should provide training for people to enable them to have a vocation. Education is key. So, the government should make education free, available and accessible for women.
“We need community education, that is creating awareness in the communities”, he said.
