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Senate Orders Uni Uyo To Refund N635m To State’s Internal Revenue Service

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The Nigerian Senate has asked the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Uyo,  Professor Nyaudoh Ndaeyo to recover N635.7 million overpaid to the staff of the institution in 2017.

Senator Matthew Urhoghide, Peoples Democratic Party, PDP, Edo South led Senate Committee on Public Accounts to the decision, relying on the 2017 Auditor General of the Federation’s report to uncover the overpayment to the staff of the Institution.

The Auditor General’s report of 2017  which is currently being considered by the Senate has alleged that the Management of the University under-deducted Pay as You Earn (PAYE) Tax totalling ₦635,700,792.65 from staff salaries and emoluments of workers in 2017.

In his response, the Vice-Chancellor claimed that the Akwa Ibom Internal Revenue Service (AKIRS) who is the relevant tax authority and who regularly does tax audit has not made any claim against the University for much bogus amount, adding that the total sum of N87.4 million was paid as tax in that same year.

On his part, the Chairman of the Committee, Senator Urhoghide rejected the explanation of the Vice-Chancellor and ordered the management of the Institution to refund the N635 million to Akwa Ibom Internal Revenue Service (AKIRS).

The query read, “Finance Treasury Circular No. TRY/A1 & B1/2009 OAGF/CAD/026/V/12 dated 19th January 2009 emphasized the correct and complete deduction of VAT, WHT and PAYE and remittance of same to the Relevant Tax Authority. Paragraph VI of the Circular states that any violation of the directive will be regarded as gross misconduct and shall attract commensurate disciplinary action.

“During the periodic check, it was observed that the Management of the University under-deducted Pay as You Earn (PAYE) Tax totalling ₦635,700,792.65 from staff salaries and emoluments of workers in 2017.

“Additionally, records of the amounts of PAYE that ought to have been remitted to the relevant Tax Authority were not produced for Audit. As a result, government revenue totalling ₦635,700,792.65 was lost, while staff were overpaid in the same amount.

“This may lead to loss of Government revenues, which will impact on its ability to execute projects that will benefit the citizens.

“The Vice-Chancellor is required to recover the under deducted tax (PAYE) in the sum of ₦635,700,792.65 and remit to the appropriate State Internal Revenue Board and forward the evidence of recovery and remittance to my Office.”

Russian Air Attack – World’s Largest Cargo Aircraft Burnt

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Sources have revealed that the world’s largest cargo aircraft, Antonov’s An-225 Mriya, has been burned by a Russian air attack on Kiev’s Hostomel cargo airport.

Two Antonov employees told Ukrainian radio Radio Svoboda that Moscow’s attack had burned down the plane, which was parked at the Ukrainian manufacturer’s base.

The news, confirmed by the mayor of Bucha – a suburb of Kiev close to the airfield – was then reported by Ukrainian defence reporter Illia Ponomarenko.

“The world’s greatest cargo aircraft, Ukraine’s Antonov An-225 Mriya, along with some other giant jets parked in Hostomel, was ruined amid a Russian attack at the Antonov Airfield,” he tweeted.

The world’s greatest cargo aircraft, Ukraine’s Antonov An-225 Mriya, along with some other giant jets parked in Hostomel, was ruined amid a Russian attack at the Antonov Airfield.

Ukrainian foreign affairs minister Dmytrio Kuleba confirmed the news, tweeting: “Russia may have destroyed our ‘Mriya’. But they will never be able to destroy our dream of a strong, free and democratic European state. We shall prevail!”

This was the world’s largest aircraft, AN-225 ‘Mriya’ (‘Dream’ in Ukrainian). Russia may have destroyed our ‘Mriya’. But they will never be able to destroy our dream of a strong, free and democratic European state. We shall prevail! – on Twitter

Responding to media speculation, Antonov said it couldn’t confirm the aircraft’s conditions before experts had inspected it.

The news has broken the hearts of aviation enthusiasts everywhere, who took it to Twitter to pay homage to the “the beautiful bird.”

Official Speaks On SSANU, NASU Planned Strike

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An official of the Senior Staff Association of Nigerian Universities (SSANU) and Non-Academic Staff Union of Allied and Educational Institutions (NASU) has hinted at the possibility of the union embarking on an indefinite strike any moment from March.

This is as another universities workers’ union- National Association of Academic Technologists (NAAT) has issued a two-week ultimatum to the Nigerian government to either meet its demands or be faced with a two-week warning strike.

The leadership of NAAT also threatened that if the government failed to accede to its request after the expiration of the two-week strike, the union would embark on an indefinite strike.

Meanwhile, the ongoing one-month warning strike by the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), which has entered its 13th day, may not be called off before the one month declared elapses as the conciliation efforts have yielded no fruitful gains yet.

On Thursday, through the Joint Action Committee (JAC), both SSANU and NASU issued a directive to all their branches to be “red alert” for a possible showdown with the government.

Speaking on Saturday, the national vice president of SSANU, Abdussobur Salaam, said the Nigerian government has failed to implement any of the eight items in the agreement it signed with the union in February, 2021.

According to Salam, none of the implementation timelines exceeded three months, saying if the government was committed to the agreement, the whole issues would have been resolved “latest by July, 2021.”

He said: “There was a memorandum of understanding that was reached with an agreement. Everything has a timeline. There was no timeline there that exceeded three months. The government cannot deny that we have not been writing letters on renegotiations.”

The official said despite multiple letters addressed to the government and visits to the minister of labour and employment, Chris Ngige, there have been no responses “apart from promises that have not translated into anything for our members”

Salam added that Parts of the items in the said agreement is the renegotiation of the 2009 agreement, payment of earned allowances, usurpation on non-academic career positions by vice-chancellors, inclusion of university staff school into the university community, non-payment of minimum wage arrears, and funding of state universities.

He said university vice-chancellors have continued to defy a court order declaring that the teachers of universities’ staff schools are integral members of the university community.

He added that the government has only paid less than N8 billion of the N30 billion it agreed upon.
He said: “The memorandum of understanding we had was that the renegotiation will be concluded within six weeks. And that was as far back as February, 2021. And if you count six weeks from that time we will be talking about sometime in May or maybe April. But here we are, a year later, we have not even been invited for one meeting despite our reminders.

“The issue of our earned allowances of N30 billion which we agreed should be paid to the three non-teaching staff unions of SSANU, NASU and NAAT is also there.

At the end of the day what the government did was to pay a sum of N22 billion and then allocate 25 per cent of that, which is less than N8 billion to the three unions. So, at the end of the day, that has also caused a lot of grievance on campuses.

“Also, for an act that was signed for national minimum wage in 2018, there are still arrears not yet paid by the universities. And on the usurpation of non-teaching staff functions by academic staff, we have situations where the condition of service, an established position in various universities is being upturned by vice-chancellors and by the governing councils. And you now have positions that are career positions of our members being subverted by academic staff. So, these are the issues that we have brought forward.”

Salaam further said that despite a court order directing that teachers of universities staff schools should be seen and treated as integral members of the university community, “we still find a situation where vice-chancellors have continued to treat our members with a lot of contempt in defiance of the court order.”

“We also have the issue of funding and allocation to state universities. And the understanding we got from the National Universities Commission was that there would be a stakeholder’s meeting with all proprietors of state universities, that is the state governors, with a view to discussing the issue of funding of state universities. It was clearly and explicitly stated,” he added.

He said due to reduced subventions, some universities cannot pay salaries for as much as seven months.
He further queried: “We keep asking ourselves that when accreditation exercises are being conducted, why do they focus on facilities in the universities and not the major component of production, which is the workforce?”

Reacting to the labour minister’s claim that the unions were yet to formally notify him of any strike, Salaam said the unions were still consulting their various organs.

“Until we finalise with the organs, we would not tell the minister of a certain date,” he said, adding that; “But we have written a letter to let the government know that we cannot be blamed if we go ahead with the strike action.”

He said the unions will be done with consultations “within the next few weeks.”

Meanwhile, addressing a briefing in Abuja on Friday, the NAAT president, Ibeji Nwokoma, said each branch of the association would hold congresses between March 15 and 16 to appraise the government’s response to the demands placed before it.

Nwokoma said a two-week warning strike would be declared on March 17, 2022 at the expiration of the two week grace if there is no favourable feedback from the government.

African Students’ Union Task Leaders on Insecurity In The Continent

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All-African Students Union (AASU) has called on governments on the continent to tackle the high rate of insecurity in Africa so as to boost students’ enrolment into higher institutions of learning.

President of the Union, Osisiogu Osikenyi made the call in Abuja, on Saturday, at the presentation of awards to some deserving Nigerians in the education sector.

The event was organised by La HEGJ University, Benin Republic, in Collaboration with the West Africa Students Union (WASU).

Osikenyi, while noting the effect of insecurity on education, said the menace was “very disturbing” calling on hands to be on deck to tackle it across Africa.

“Aside incessant industrial actions by most African universities, we also have insecurity keeping millions of prospective students out of school.

“It has become very important that this thing was looked into holistically,” he said.

He further said that education was becoming increasingly expensive in Africa with the cost always getting high “and of course the economy is not getting better.

“Parents are not able to send their children to school as they ought to,” he said.

On the ongoing strike by Nigerian Universities, Osikenyi said that such an action must be addressed by adequate budgetary provisions.

“We are calling on all African governments to put enough funds into education in their countries,” Osikenyi said.

Also, President WASU, Romans Pullah decried that “much attention has not been given to education in Africa.

“If you look at the way education is handled, in terms of sponsorship and appropriation, one would say there is no attention given to that sector.”

Chairman of the occasion, Rep. Danladi Baido (Ardo-kola, Lau, Karim-Lamido) said that education financing across Africa “is inadequate”.

Baido, who was represented by his Special Assistant Media and Political Strategy, Nelson Wilson, called on government at all levels to prioritise education for a better society.

Earlier, the Convener, Hope Daniel said that the award was bestowed on Dr Peter Adejoh, Chief Executive Officer, Camey and Rock Holdings, Abuja, for his track record of support to indigent students.

“Adejoh has supported education and sponsored a large number of students,” he said.

Once Upon A Time – Feb. 26 – 1797 Bank Of England Issues First £1 Note

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1616 Roman Inquisition delivers injunction to Galileo demanding he abandon his belief in heliocentrism, which states the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun

1797 Bank of England issues first £1 note

1815 Napoleon Bonaparte and his supporters leave Elba to start a 100 day re-conquest of France

1885 Berlin Conference gives Congo to Belgium and Nigeria to Great Britain

1935 RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) first demonstrated by Robert Watson-Watt

2005 Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt, orders the constitution changed to allow multi-candidate presidential elections, asking Egyptian parliament to amend Article 76

Historical Events Today
Today in Film & TV
1960 Vera Miles stars in”Mirror Image” episode of CBS anthology series “The Twilight Zone”

Today in Music
1917 1st jazz records recorded – “Dixie Jazz Band One Step” and “Livery Stable Blues” by Original Dixieland Jass Band for the Victor Talking Machine Company

Today in Sport
1839 1st Grand National steeplechase, Aintree Racecourse, Liverpool: Jem Mason wins aboard 5/1 favourite Lottery

Do you know this fact about today?
1732 1st mass celebrated in 1st American Catholic church, St Joseph’s, Philadelphia

Would you believe this fact about today?
1881 P&O’s SS Ceylon begins world’s 1st round-the-world pleasure cruise from Liverpool

Nigerian Medical Laboratory Council Registrar Counsels Inductees

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Registrar of the Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria, Tosan Erhabor, has advised 78 graduates of the Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State who were inducted into the council yesterday to remain diligent and focused in the performance of their duties despite the prevailing challenging situations in the country.

Erhabor expressed the readiness of the council to continue to collaborate with Babcock University to further energise its Department of Medical Laboratory Science with additional top class faculty members.

He stated that the council would work with relevant stakeholders to improve the standards of medical laboratory science training in Nigeria in line with international best practices.

The registrar said: “The Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria is delighted to associate with the university and its landmark achievements in galvanising 78 students for the induction ceremony and also for being one of the flagship universities in South Western Nigeria.”

The Vice Chancellor of the Babcock University, Professor Ademola Tayo, advised the inductees to set the needs of their patients before that of the system, saying that they would be rewarded someday if they do that.

“Always remember that people will look up to you, respect what you do and say. People will trust you, confide in you, and appreciate your efforts. You can do exceptional things for people if you don’t let the system weigh you down,” Tayo said.

He advised them that collaboration with other professionals would be critical to their success.

“Your job requires you to collaborate very closely with physicians and medical laboratory technicians in diagnosing and monitoring disease processes, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of therapy,” the vice chancellor said.

He also advised them to understand their work environment, since they are going to work in places that would be different from the typical classroom setting.

In his remarks, the Head of Department of Medical Laboratory Science of Babcock University, Professor Ihongbe, encouraged the inductees to interact with people and adopt the core values of Babcock University in their attitude at all times, noting that humility pays.

He also urged them to always remember their parents who have invested massively in their education.

The Deputy Vice Chancellor Academics, Professor Philemon Amanze, urged the grandaunts to take the qualities of wisdom, efficiency and resilience they have imbibed in the university with them, adding that they should embrace life with passion and keep reaching for greater heights in order to make the world a better place.

“Believe in yourselves as Babcock believes in you. It is certain that you will become competent, diligent and trustworthy professionals,” he said.

Nigerian Petroleum Training Institute Matriculates 1,267 Students

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The Petroleum Training Institute (PTI) Effurun, Delta State, matriculates 1267 students into the 2021/2022 academic session.

In a bid to ensure that the newly matriculated students do not engage in addictions that could affect their studies, the school therefore warned the students against involving themselves in any form of social vices.

Speaking during the matriculation ceremony,  Principal and Chief Executive Officer of the Institute, Henry Adimula, said that the school had zero-tolerance for cultism, drug abuse and other social vices, and would sanction any of its students found wanting.

“We advise all students to desist from the following vices: examination misconduct, physical and all forms of assault, cultism, drug peddling and smoking of Indian hemp on campus, certificate forgery, improper dressing, for exposure of body parts, stealing, misuse of social media and many others. Let me sound a note of warning that any student found guilty in any of the vices would be made to face the full wrath of the law,” he warned.

While congratulating the matriculated students, Adimula disclosed that “a total of 1,480 candidates applied for admission into the National Diploma programmes but only 720 candidates were offered admission and for Higher National Diploma, 714 applied and only 547 candidates were admitted”.

The Principal and CEO said PTI had trained over 20,000 Nigerians and non Nigerians, who are doing very well in every facet of the oil, gas and allied industries in the country and the world over.

Adimula, who was flanked by members of the council of the Institute, urged the matriculating students to maximise available resources which abound in the school to their advantage, saying the management would integrate e-learning platforms with the actual modules to further mitigate COVID-19 limitations.

While admonishing the matriculants to be good ambassadors in and outside the school, he enjoined them to take a cue from alumni such as Dr. Celestine Paddy Iyamu, Dr. Excel Ukpohor and Comrade Festus Osifo, the current President of PENGSSAN, who graduated at various times and are now very successful in their chosen careers.

INEC Announces New Date for 2023 Presidential, Governorship Elections

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Nigeria’s presidential and National Assembly elections will now take place on 25 February 2023, instead of 18 February as initially announced.

INEC chairman, Professor Mahmood Yakubu announced the new date Saturday a day after President Muhammadu Buhari signed the amended Electoral.

The act says that Presidential election notice shall be given 360 days ahead.

By the new date, the election is now 363 days away.

The Governorship and State Houses of Assembly elections will hold two weeks later on Saturday 11th March 2023.

Mahmood also released the timetable for the elections.

The full statement reads;
1. As you are aware, yesterday, Friday 25th February 2022, the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria signed the Electoral Bill 2022 into law. This is historic being the fourth time since the restoration of democracy in Nigeria in May 1999 that the Electoral Act was repealed and re-enacted. The 1998 – 1999 elections were administered by transitional decrees until the 2001 Electoral Act was passed into law. Then, the Act was repealed and re-enacted as the Electoral Act 2002 which was in turn repealed and re-enacted in 2006, 2010 and now we have the 2022 Electoral Act.

2.​ You may recall that in 2017, the Commission decided to establish fixed dates for General Elections in Nigeria. This decision was based on our determination to create certainty in the electoral calendar and to enable all stakeholders in the electoral process (the electoral commission, political parties and candidates, security agencies, observers, the media etc.) to prepare adequately for elections. By that decision, Presidential and National Assembly elections shall hold on the third Saturday of the month of February of each General Election year, while Governorship and State Houses of Assembly elections shall follow two weeks later. Consequently, the 2023 General Election was scheduled to commence on 18th February 2023 with the Presidential and National Assembly elections, followed by the Governorship and State Houses of Assembly elections on the 4th of March 2023. However, the Commission could not release the detailed Timetable and Schedule of Activities for the General Election, as it normally would, because of the pending enactment of the Electoral Act 2022. The Bill has now been signed into law.

3.​ Therefore, the Electoral Act 2022, together with the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (as amended), form the legal basis for conducting all elections in Nigeria. In particular, the Electoral Act provides strict timelines for the implementation of electoral activities based on the date of the General Election. One of the significant timelines is the publication of Notice of Election not later than 360 days before the day appointed for holding an election which has now lapsed for the 2023 General Election.

4.​ Consequently, the Commission has decided to adjust the dates of the 2023 General Election to ensure compliance with the provisions of the new law. Accordingly, the Presidential and National Assembly elections will now hold on Saturday 25th February 2023 while the Governorship and State Houses of Assembly elections will hold two weeks later on Saturday 11th March 2023. With this adjustment, the 2023 General Election is now 363 days away.

5.​ Under the law, there are critical timebound activities from the publication of Notice of Election to the Conduct of Polls which form the Timetable and Schedule of Activities for elections. Some of the critical activities and their dates of implementation are as follows:

i. Publication of Notice of Election – Monday 28th February 2022.

ii. Conduct of party primaries, including the resolution of disputes arising from them – Monday 4th April 2022 to Friday 3rd June 2022.

iii. Submission of nomination forms to INEC via the online portal for Presidential and National Assembly election – 9.00am on Friday 10th June 2022 to 6.00pm on Friday 17th June 2022.

iv. Submission of nomination forms to INEC via the online nomination portal for Governorship and State Assembly elections – 9.00am on Friday 1st July 2022 to 6.00pm on Friday 15th July 2022.

v. Commencement of Campaign by political parties for Presidential and National Assembly election – Wednesday 28th September 2022.

vi. Commencement of Campaign by political parties for Governorship and State Assembly elections – Wednesday 12th October 2022.

vii. Last day of campaign by political parties for Presidential and National Assembly elections – midnight on Thursday 23rd February 2023.

viii. Last day of campaign by political parties for Governorship and State Assembly elections – midnight on Thursday 9th March 2023.

6.​ The detailed Timetable and Schedule of Activities for the 2023 General Election will be circulated to the media at the end of this briefing. Soft copies will also be uploaded to the Commission’s website and social media platforms immediately. In addition, the Notice of Election will be published in our offices in all the States of the Federation as required by law on Monday 28th February 2022.

7.​ With the coming into force of the Electoral Act 2022, the Commission will work assiduously to conclude and publish new Regulations and Guidelines for the Conduct of Elections that are consistent with the Act. These Regulations and Guidelines as well as Manuals issued by the Commission are all part of the legal regulatory framework for elections. Their timely publication will enable all stakeholders in the electoral process to become conversant with their provisions as they prepare for the 2023 General Election.

8.​ On this note, I wish to remind stakeholders, especially the political parties, of their responsibility to adhere strictly to the timelines in this Timetable and Schedule of Activities, as well as all other timelines established by the Commission. It is necessary that all political parties comply with the extant legal framework, ensure proper organisation and management of party primaries and the nomination of qualified candidates in order to prevent unnecessary litigations and rancour.

INEC Calls Emergency Meeting Over New Electoral Act

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After years of back and forth between the Executive and the National Assembly with regards to signing a new electoral amendment act. President Muhammadu Buhari, finally assented to the reworked Electoral Act Amendment Bill 2022, declaring that the new legislation is aimed at revolutionalizing elections in Nigeria.

In line with established tradition, the signing ceremony was witnessed by the President of the Senate, Ahmed Lawan; Speaker of the House of Representatives, Femi Gbajabiamila and Chairman, Nigerian Governors’ Forum (NGF) and current Governor of Ekiti State, Kayode Fayemi. Other Principal Officers of the National Assembly as well as top cabinet members and Presidency aides also witnessed the epoch-making ceremony.

Following the development, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), has summoned an emergency meeting in Abuja, which would hold today to discuss the implementation of the new law.

National Commissioner and Chairman, Information and Voter Education Committee, Festus Okoye, who disclosed this in a statement, described the development as historic, noting that it was the fourth time since the restoration of democracy in Nigeria that the Electoral Act was repealed and re-enacted.

According to him, the new law contains many progressive provisions that would facilitate the conduct of free, fair and credible elections in Nigeria.

“The nation now has the Electoral Act 2022, which replaces the Electoral Act 2010 (as amended). Together with the 1999 Constitution (as amended), the new Act constitutes the principal law to govern the conduct of future elections, including the 2023 general election.

“Given the tight timelines contained in the new law, the Commission fully appreciates the importance of proceeding with their implementation in earnest. Consequently, an extraordinary meeting of the Commission is scheduled for tomorrow Saturday, February 26, 2022. Thereafter, a statement will be issued on the way forward,” he said.

Earlier, INEC’s Director, Voter Education and Publicity, Victor Aluko, urged Nigerians to expect the best from the commission as the 2023 general election draw closer.

“We had looked forward to this day. The signing of the Electoral Act gives a form of certainty to the legal framework for the 2023 general elections. Now there is a certainty and we can at least go ahead and do the needful.

“The Nigerian people should expect the best from INEC. They should expect free, fair and credible elections. INEC as an institution would always gives its best as we have always. The Nigerian people deserve elections that are very credible and we will give them that,” Aluko said.

The Electoral Act (Amendment) Bill 2022, passed by the National Assembly was forwarded for presidential assent via a letter dated January 31, 2022. Signing the document, President Buhari noted that the current Electoral Act comes with a great deal of improvement from the previous Electoral Bill 2021.

He said there are salient and praiseworthy provisions that could positively revolutionize elections in Nigeria through the introduction of new technological innovations.

President Buhari noted that the innovations would guarantee the constitutional rights of citizens to vote and to do so effectively. According to the President, the Act would also improve and engender clarity, effectiveness, and transparency of the election process, as well as reduce to the barest minimum incidences of acrimony arising from dissatisfied candidates and political parties.

He said the commendable efforts were in line with the policy of the administration to bequeath posterity and landmark legal framework that paves the way for credible and sound electoral process that all Nigerians be proud of.

Afghan Universities Reopen But Only Few Women Return

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Students attend a class in the Badakshan University after Afghanistan's main universities reopened, in Fayzabad on February 26, 2022. (Photo by Omer ABRAR / AFP)

Afghanistan’s main universities have reopened six months after the Taliban returned to power, but only a trickle of women returned to now-segregated classes.

Most secondary schools for girls and all public universities were shut following the Taliban’s August 15 takeover. Just like their first rule from 1996-2001, the move sparked fear that women would be barred from education.

The Taliban insist they will allow girls and women to be educated this time around — but only in segregated classes and according to an Islamic curriculum.

Some public tertiary institutions in the south of the country resumed last month, but on Saturday Kabul University, the oldest and biggest with a student body of around 25,000 last year, re-opened without fanfare — and just a few students in attendance.

Taliban guards refused journalists access to the sprawling campus and chased away media teams lingering near the entrance. However, students who moved away from the gates, expressed mixed feelings after their first day back.

“I am happy that the university resumed… we want to continue our studies,” said an English major. According to her, there are some difficulties, like students being scolded by Taliban guards for bringing their mobile phones to class.

“They did not behave well with us… they were rude,” she said.

Another English student, said only seven women attended her class which also suffered from a shortage of lecturers. Many believe some absentees may have left the country.”

Tens of thousands of Afghans fled the country as the Taliban stormed back to power — among them teachers and lecturers who had been vociferously critical of the hardline Islamist group.

No country has yet recognized the new regime, which has imposed several restrictions on women — including banning them from many government jobs.

Other campuses across the country are although no students returned to class at Panjshir University, in the heartland of a nascent resistance to the Taliban’s rule.

The province of Panjshir was the last province to fall to the Taliban last year. Several of the classes were destroyed in the fighting.  Those classes’ classrooms still have not been repaired.

The Taliban had previously said that female students must wear a black abaya over their bodies and hijab on their heads, but stopped short of insisting on the all-covering burqa that was compulsory during their previous rule.

Several students, however, appeared dressed no differently Saturday than they would have before the Taliban takeover, with a simple shawl covering their heads.  Other changes that have been made to school life in the country include the banning of cafeterias. Students are also not allowed to go to the university’s courtyard.”