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Saudi Astronauts Return After Successful Space Mission

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Saudi astronauts Ali Alqarni, Rayyanah Barnawi, Mariam Fardous, and Ali Al-Ghamdi have returned to the Kingdom Saturday morning after a successful scientific mission at the International Space Station.

Alqarni and Barnawi ­– the first Arab woman to orbit Earth – returned to Earth on May 31 after an eight-day stay at the space station where they performed 14 research projects on microgravity, three of which were kite experiments with 12,000 school students from 47 locations across the Kingdom via satellite.

The SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule carrying them, as well as American astronauts Peggy Whitson John Shoffner, parachuted down onto the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Panama City, Florida, after a 12-hour return flight and re-entry through the Earth’s atmosphere.

From left: Saudi astronauts Mariam Fardous, Rayyanah Barnawi, Ali Alqarni and Ali Al-Ghamdi. (Twitter: @saudispace)
The scientific mission will be of significant benefit to humanity and will ensure the Kingdom leading roles and an avant-garde position in space exploration, a statement from the Saudi Space Agency noted during the astronauts’ arrival at King Khaled International Airport.

The agency also said that the leading achievements and contributions of the Saudi space mission are a source of pride for the nation all with the support of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz, the statement added.

U.S. Gross National Debt Exceeds $32 trillion For First Time

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According to Treasury Department data released on Friday, the gross national debt exceeded $32 trillion for the first time, on Friday, underscoring the country’s unsettling fiscal trajectory as Washington gears up for another fight over government spending.

A Treasury Department report noted the milestone weeks after Congress agreed to suspend the nation’s statutory debt limit, ending a monthslong standoff.

The debt milestone comes two weeks after President Biden signed legislation to suspend the nation’s borrowing limit through the end of 2024.

Despite the White House and negotiators for House Speaker Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) agreeing to $1.5 trillion in spending cuts over the next decade, America’s gross national debt is still projected to exceed $50 trillion by 2033.

The Federal Reserve’s raising of interest rates since last year to combat historic inflation is also expected to make interest payments on the national debt more costly than they have been for decades.

Exploring The Historic Red Fort In India

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The Red Fort is a historic fortification that served as a main residence of the emperors of the Mughal dynasty, and it is located in Old Delhi of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, that forms the capital city of the Republic of India, New Delhi.

Known also as Lal Qalʿah, was built by one of the most famous Mughal emperors, the fifth Emperor Shah Jahan, on the banks of the Yamuna River, and it served as a residence for the emperors for nearly 200 years.

Taking almost 9 years to construct, the Red Fort was built between 1639 and 1648, and it got its name from the massive walls which are on average 23 meters (75 feet) high that enclose the entire structure with their 2 km (1 mi) in length and have a distinct red color that comes from the red sandstone.

Within the premises of the fortification, there is a complex of palaces and entertainment halls, projecting balconies, baths and indoor canals, geometrical gardens, as well as an ornate mosque, all of which are supposed to represent the imagination of the Mughal creativity.

Still, even though each piece of architecture here contains architectural pieces of typical Mughal buildings, there are some buildings which reflect a fusion of Persian, Timurid and Hindu traditions. Spread on about 103 hectares (255 acres), there are so many different things and structures that deserve to be seen in person, which sometimes it is considered that a person needs couple of days in order to see everything.

Among the most famous structures of the fortification are the Hall of Public Audience, commonly referred to as Diwan-i-Am, which which has 60 red sandstone pillars supporting a flat roof. Furthermore, the Hall of Private Audience, commonly referred to as Diwan-i-Khas, is a bit smaller but the pavilion is created with a white marble.

The main entrance, the Lahori Gate, is named as such because it is oriented towards the city Lahore, and the gate we see today was altered during the reign of Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad (Aurangzeb) who added bastions to the side.

In addition, it should be mentioned Delhi Gate, Chhatta Chowk, Naubat Khana, Mumtaz Mahal, Rang Mahal, Baoli, Pearl Mosque also known as Moti Masjid, Hayat Bakhsh Bagh, as some of the other structures that also deserve to be in the spotlight of this grandiose monument.

Fortunately, in 2007 the Red Fort Complex was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, giving it the proper title of Important Monument to India where every year on Independence Day, which is 15 August, the Prime Minister hoists the Indian flag at the Lahori Gate and delivers a nationally broadcast speech from its ramparts.

In conclusion, considered as a true, quite powerful piece of Indian history that is well known around the world, it also deserves to be preserved in order for the future generations of India to be able to tell the history behind it, which makes them very proud.

Once Upon A Time – June 17 – 1958 – “Things Fall Apart” By Nigerian Writer Chinua Achebe Published By Heinemann

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1527 Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore Florida with 5 ships and 600 men, by 1536 only 4 are still alive

1590 depiction of Francis Drake’s landing in what he called New Albion, now northern California
Francis Drake Lands in California

1579 English navigator Francis Drake lands on the coast of California at Drakes Bay, names it “New Albion” [1]

1631 Mumtaz Mahal dies during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan I, then spends more than 20 years building her tomb, the Taj Mahal

1789 French Revolution: During the meeting of the Estates-General, the Third Estate proclaims itself the ‘National Assembly’

1837 Charles Goodyear obtains his 1st rubber patent

1856 Republican Party opens its 1st national convention in Philadelphia

Historical Events Today Events in 2023
Today in Film & TV
2018 “The Incredibles 2” sets a box office record for an animated release, earning $180 million its opening weekend

Today in Music
1971 Carole King’s album “Tapestry” goes to #1 on US album charts and stays there for 15 weeks

Today in Sport
1962 US Open Men’s Golf, Oakmont CC: Jack Nicklaus wins his first major title by 3 strokes in an 18-hole playoff with Arnold Palmer

More FACTS….
1958 “Things Fall Apart” by Nigerian writer Chinua Achebe published by Heinemann – considered most widely read book in African literature

1939 Last public guillotining in France. Eugen Weidmann, a convicted murderer, is guillotined in Versailles outside the prison Saint-Pierre

Famous Weddings
1835 Soldier and politician Jefferson Davis (27) weds Sarah Knox Taylor (21) in Louisville, Kentucky

1853 Prime Minister of Canada Alexander Mackenzie (31) weds second wife Jane Sym

1872 Jurist Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr (31) weds childhood friend Fanny Bowditch Dixwell

Virgin Galactic Commercial Space Flights To Start June

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Virgin Galactic reaches space for the first time during its 4th powered flight from Mojave, Calif. The aircraft called VSS Unity reached an altitude of 271,268 feet reaching the lower altitudes of space. (AP Photo/Matt Hartman)

Sir Richard Branson’s space tourism company Virgin Galactic says it will launch its first commercial flight before the end of this month.

The firm is targeting a launch window for the flight, which is called Galactic 01, from 27 June to 30 June.

After the announcement to investors, Virgin Galactic shares jumped more than 40% in extended New York trading.

In May, Virgin Orbit – a separate space firm owned by the UK billionaire – shut down, months after a mission failed.

Virgin Galactic said the first flight will be a scientific research mission, carrying three crew members from the Italian Air Force and the National Research Council of Italy to conduct microgravity research.

The company said its second commercial spaceflight will follow in early August, and it expects to operate monthly spaceflights from then on.

It marks a key milestone for the 19-year-old Virgin Galactic, which has had to overcome a series of accidents and technical challenges.

Last month, Virgin Galactic’s rocket plane, which is called Unity, was back in action after a gap of almost two years.

The vehicle, with two pilots and four passengers aboard, climbed high over the New Mexico desert in the US to the edge of space – before gliding back down.

It was billed as the vehicle’s final test flight before the launch of the firm’s long-awaited debut commercial service.

Virgin Galactic has sold more than 800 tickets to people who want to ride over 80km (260,000ft) above Earth.

The flights are designed to give passengers views from space at the top of its climb and allow them a few minutes to experience weightlessness. They cost $450,000 (£352,170) per person.

While Virgin Galactic focusses on space tourism, Sir Richard also had ambitions to launch satellites with his rocket company, Virgin Orbit.

However Virgin Orbit shut down in May after the failure of a mission which had been billed as a potential milestone for UK space exploration.

Earlier in the year, the firm, which was set up to launch satellites, paused operations to try to boost its finances.

Virgin Orbit has now sold off items, including its converted jet Cosmic Girl, and most of its headquarters in California.

It has been a tumultuous period for the Virgin boss.

Sir Richard told the BBC in May that he had personally lost around £1.5bn (£1.9bn) during the pandemic after lockdowns hit his airline and leisure businesses.

Annual Spectacle: Crantock Fields Carpeted With Poppies

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Thousands of poppies are creating a spectacle in fields around Crantock, in Cornwall.

The National Trust, which manages the area at West Pentire, has put up signs to keep people on paths and protect the flowers.

Crantock, Lanngorrow in Cornish, dates back to 460 AD when a group of Irish hermits is said to have founded an oratory there.

The older part of the village is huddled around the church dedicated to St. Carantoc, founder of the village.

Langurroc was famously covered up in a sandstorm and may well lie beneath the sand dunes which back Crantock beach.

Home to about 970 all-year round residents, Crantock has grown from 800 people at the 2011 Census. However during the summer months, the village can easily expand to four times its normal population, perhaps more as holiday parks above the village fill up.

Massive Swiss rockfall stops short of evacuated Brienz village

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Millions of cubic metres of rock have thundered on to a tiny Swiss village, with huge boulders blocking roads – some landing within inches of houses.

The entire village of Brienz, population 70, was evacuated in mid-May, when geologists warned a massive rockfall was imminent.

The rockface immediately above the village, nicknamed “the island”, had been unstable for decades.

But this spring, the rock slippage began to accelerate.

Many Brienzers had expected they would to leave their homes temporarily, but were unhappy the evacuation order had come so suddenly. Days before the order came, they had been told to expect to move some time in late summer.

Instead, they were summoned to an emergency village meeting on 9 May and told they had 48 hours to leave.

In the weeks since, some voiced frustration that the predicted massive rockfall had not happened. They asked why they could not go home when the rocks seemed to be trickling down slowly and harmlessly.

On Thursday night, the mountain answered back and authorities in the eastern canton of Graubünden say the village had a very lucky, narrow escape.

Two-thirds of the loose rock, estimated to measure more than two million cubic metres in total, crashed down.

To the villagers’ relief, helicopters assessing the scene reported no obvious damage to houses, but there is little prospect of going home soon. There is up to a million cubic metres of loose rock still on the mountain above.

The masses just missed the village but left behind a meter-high deposit on the main road near the school building.

The rockfall missed the empty village by a hair, according to a statement from local authorities

Even if the falling rocks do not destroy people’s houses, there is a risk for anyone in the area.

Christian Gartmann, spokesman for the village authorities, told Swiss TV that large boulders crashing into one another as they fell could create rock splinters that hurtled “like cannonballs”, smashing windows and causing serious injuries.

Some wonder whether Brienz’s situation is due to climate change. Switzerland’s Alpine regions are especially sensitive to global warming.

As the glaciers shrink, and the permafrost high in the mountains begins to thaw, the rock becomes unstable.

In fact, the mountain above Brienz has no permafrost, but this spring’s unusually heavy rain, also linked to global warming, was certainly a factor in the evacuation order. The mountainside, sodden with water, began to slip faster towards the valley.

Oxford City’s Air Pollution Falls By 8%

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Air pollution in Oxford fell by more than 8% in 2022, according to official figures.

The annual Oxford City Council air quality report examined nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels across 127 locations in the city.

It said the data showed the introduction of Low Traffic Neighbourhoods (LTNs) in east Oxford and the Zero Emission Zone (ZEZ) pilot scheme in the city centre was already having a positive effect.

The official figures were released as Oxfordshire County Council unveiled a £200,000 plan to cut air pollution.

The air quality report found that, although NO2 levels had fallen on average by 8.3% across the city, the legal annual mean objective of 40 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) was exceeded at six locations.

It said St Clement’s Street and The Plain continued to have the highest air pollution levels, with a 10% increase in 2022 to 43µg/m3 but the figure was lower than pre-pandemic levels when 53µg/m3 was recorded 2019.

The council said the LTNs appeared to have an a impact on air quality. In Divinity Road, NO2 levels fell by 33%, from 18µg/m3 to 12µg/m3.

Levels also fell overall in areas included in the ZEZ pilot scheme, according to the report.

Texas Tornado: Residents Dig Through Debris Looking For Loved Ones

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The small town of Perryton, Texas, is one of many southern US communities hit hard by severe weather. Three people were killed and dozens more injured.

The smell of natural gas surrounded residents as they used their hands to dig through the debris, looking for loved ones and salvaging what they could from the destruction.

The tornado took a direct shot to the town, leaving 3 people dead and dozens injured, according to the Booker Fire Department, one of the first crews on scene. Two people are still missing as of Thursday evening.

Small wounds, cuts, lacerations and a few major head injuries were among the injuries of the 115 patients treated at Ochiltree General Hospital, according to Amie Marrufo, the hospital’s spokeswoman.

“We’ve been very, very thankful for our local counties and hospitals for coming to our aid,” she said. “We’ve been blessed for a lot of good help. Luckily, this small town comes together when we need to.”

Governor Greg Abbott also directed the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) to deploy state emergency response resources to meet the town’s “urgent life-safety needs.”

Cyclone Biparjoy: Storm Uproots Trees, Rips Out Electricity Poles, Damages Roads

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At least two people have been killed and 22 injured after Cyclone Biparjoy made landfall in western India near the Pakistan border.

The storm weakened after hitting the Gujarat state coast on Thursday night, but is still moving across the state bringing strong winds and rains.

It has uprooted trees, ripped out electricity poles, and damaged roads in some districts.

The full extent of the damage is still yet known, say authorities.

Pakistan’s Climate Change Minister Sherry Rehman said the country was largely spared the full force of the cyclone.

Coastal areas of the Sindh province were inundated because of high sea levels “but most people had been evacuated to safe ground,” she said.

In India, the Press Trust of India reported two cattle farmers in Gujarat’s Bhavnagar city- a father and son – were swept away as they entered a flooded ravine to save their goats.

Not a single life was lost after the cyclone’s landfall on Thursday night, the country’s national disaster management agency chief said.

More than 170,000 people in the two countries had been evacuated from the coastal regions before the arrival of the cyclone.

Makeshift shelters were also set up in school auditoriums and other government buildings in both countries.

Cyclone Biparjoy, which means “disaster” in Bengali, first hit India’s port city of Jakhau in Gujarat on Thursday packing winds up to 125 km/h (78mph).

The India Meteorological Department has since reduced the classification of the storm from “very severe” to “severe”.

Authorities had, however, been unable to start rescue operations due to heavy rains and strong winds in Gujarat’s Mandvi district, the district chief told the BBC.

India’s weather office said heavy rainfall is expected to continue in the neighbouring Rajasthan state till Saturday as the cyclone moves northwest.

Gujarat officials said around 99 train services would remain cancelled as the storm barrels across the state.

Cyclone Biparjoy was classified as a category one storm, the least severe on a scale of one to five, but forecasters had said it could be the area’s worst storm in 25 years.

Cyclones, also known as hurricanes in the North Atlantic and typhoons in the north-west Pacific, are a regular and deadly phenomenon in the Indian Ocean. Rising surface temperatures across the Arabian Sea in recent years due to climate change have made the surrounding regions even more vulnerable to devastating storms.

At least 33 deaths were reported in Pakistan last week due to heavy rains, while seven deaths were reported in India this week amid downpours.